Andrew saunders



UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW SAUNDERS, OF YONKERS, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO D. SAUNDERS" SONS, OFSAME PLAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 265,639, dated OctoberI0, 1882.

Application tiled April 26, 188:2. (No model.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW SAUNDERs, of Yonkers, in the county ot'Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements inChucks, of' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the apparatus shownand described in Let-ters Patent of the United States No.

1o 204,254, issued to me May 2S, 1878; and my present inventioncomprises a certain novel combination ot' parts for actuatin g thegrippingjaws of the chuck, whereby greater strength, durability, andnon-liability to accidental derangement ofthe parts are secured.

Figure lis a side view of a chuck made according to my invention withcertain of the internal parts thereof represented in dotted outline, andFig. 2 is a similar feature ot' the 2o opposite side. Fig. 3 is acentral transverse sectional. view of said chuck. Fig. 4 is an insideview of the cap-plate ofthe chuck. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional Viewof the chuck in a plane at right angles to Fig. 3. Fig. G is atransverse sectional view, on a larger scale taken in a plane parallelwith that of Fig. 5, and in the line with Figs. l and 3. Fig. 7 is atransverse sectional view taken in the line y y of Fig. 3-tl1atis tosay, in aline at right 3o angles to Fig. 5.

A is the at circular shell ol the chuck, and B is the cap-plate fittedinto the open side of the shell, as shown in Figs. l and 5. Formed onthe inner surface of the flat side ot' the snhell itself are guides a,and shaped on the arc ot' a circle which, if continued, would intersectthe center or axis of the shell. It is of course to be understood thatsaid shell, together with the cap-plate, has the usual central orificeor 4o opening, O, into which the gripping-jaws ofthe device converge inthe operation ot' the chuck.

The gripping-jaws are shown at D, and are of the arc shape representedin Figs. l and 3, being placed in the guides a, so as to move each onthe arc ot' a circle, the several arcs intersecting at the center oraxis of the shell. lt is therefore manifest that the jaws being movedsimultaneously inward upon a pipe or rod thrust into the opening C, thesaidpipe or rod 5o will be gripped by the said gripping-jaws and held ina position axial to the chuck.

On the inner surface of the cap-plate B are provided shoulders D. which,when the capplate is placed in position, project into the interior oftheshell.

In the shell A are three slots, b, formed on arcs ot circles concentricwith the center or axis of the chuck. Extended through these slots arescrews c, the heads of which retain the cap-plate upon the shell. Theshoulders D 6o correspond in number with the gripping-jaws, and each ofsaid shoulders bears against the rounded rear end, c', of one of saidgrippingjaws. From the end c of each gripping'jaw D projects a pin orstud, e, through a radial slot,j", in the adjacent part ofthe liat sideof the capvplate B. One of the shoulders D is constructed with atooth-sector, j", the curvature of the sector being substantiallyconcentric with the circular circumference oi' the 7o chuck.

E is a sliding tooth block or rack, which moves'in a guide,s, theposition of which is that ot' a chord ot' the circle described by thecircumference of the chuck. In order that this block or rack E may notbe displacedin an inward direction, it is constructed with alongitudinal rib or spline,g, which extends into and works withinaguideway, h'. This block or rack E gears into the teeth ofthe sectorf,so that 8o a longitudinal movement of the said rack will act upon thesaid sector to move or turn the cap-plate, so that the shoulders D ofthe latter will bear upon the outerextrcmities of the jaws to move thesame inward or permittlie same to move outward, as the case may be.

The requisite longitudinal movement of the said block or rack is securedby means of a screw,F,thelinner end ot' which lits intoanut formedinternally and longitudinally in the 9o block or rack E. The outer endof the said screw is squared, as shown at G,to permitthe application ot'the wrench throughout to turn the said screw in one direction oranother, as the occasion may require. At the inner end ot' said squareportion G the screw is provided with acircumlerential collar or flange,H. The inner edge of the said collar H rests against the bottom a2 ot' asocket, I', formed in the circumference ot the circular shell A, and aroo bracket, J, has its end so litted upon the outer side of the collarH ot' the screw as to prevent the latter from moving upward, the saidend of the bracket J, in conjunction with the bottom of the socket l',preventing any endwise movement ot' the screw, and thereby enabling itto act upon the block or rack E to vgive a longitudinal movement theretoin one direction or another, according as the screw is turned one way oranother, thereby giving a movement to the cap-plate B in one directionto cause the shoulders Dl to force inward the gripping-jawsD to grip orclutch the article for -the holding of which the chuck may be employed,or, as the case may be, for turning the said cap-plate in a reversedirection to withdraw the shoulders D away from the outer ends of thegripping-jaws to permit the lat-ter to recede so as to enlarge theavailable opening` at the center of the chuck to receive the article tobe gripped. The block or rack E has its rear or outer surfacerestingagainstthe inner surface s', and is prevented from moving inward againstthe sector f'ortotend to bend the screw F', inasmuch as the spline orrib g lits into the groove h' of the shell, as hereinbefore set forth,while any lateral displacement of the sector is prevented by the factthat one ofthe sides rests against the flat inner surface of the shellA, while its opposite side in like manner rests against the flat innersurface ofthe cap-plate B.

By means of the several combinations of parts just hereinbeforedescribed I am enabled to actuate the gripping-jaws in a speedy andeffective manner.

The mechanism is strong and durable, and there is no undue or excessivewear on any one part of the apparatus, and the arrangement of thedevices employed to give inward or gripping movement to the jaws Disrendered practically out of the question.

What I claim as my invention isl. The sliding block or rack E,the screwF', and thejaws D, provided upon the partAof the chuck, in combinationwith the tooth-sectorf' and the shoulders D on the other part, B, allsubstantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. The toothed block or rack E, constructed with a rib or spline, g,part A, constructed with a socket,l, and carrying the jaws D, andtoothed block or rack E, the screw F', having the ilange or collar H',and the bracket-piece J,in combination with the part A, constructed witha tooth-sector,j", to shoulder D', all substantially as and for thepurpose herein set forth.

ANDREW SAUNDERS.

Witnesses:

THEoDoRE FITCH, ALEX. SAUNDERS.

